Iigazi elisanda kuzalwa eliphanda ngeoksijiniisetyenziselwa ukubeka iliso kwizinga le-oxygen saturation yosana olusanda kuzalwa, olunokuthi lukhokele ngokufanelekileyo isimo sempilo esiqhelekileyo somntwana.
Uninzi lweentsana ezisanda kuzalwa zizalwa zineentliziyo eziphilileyo kunye neoksijini eyaneleyo egazini labo.Noko ke, malunga nosana olu-1 kwali-100 olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunesifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso (i-CHD), yaye ama-25 ekhulwini azo aya kuba nesifo sentliziyo esiqatha (CCHD).
Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezinesifo esiqatha sentliziyo zinezinga eliphantsi leoksijini kwaye zihlala zifuna utyando okanye ezinye iinkqubo kunyaka wazo wokuqala wobomi.Ngamanye amaxesha ukungenelela ngokukhawuleza kuyimfuneko kwiintsuku zokuqala okanye iiveki zobomi bomntwana osanda kuzalwa.Eminye imizekelo yesifo sentliziyo esiqatha ibandakanya ukuqhawuka kwe-aorta, ukutshintshwa kwemithambo emikhulu, i-hypoplastic left heart syndrome, kunye ne-tetralogy ye-Fallot.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-CCHD zibangela amanqanaba angaphantsi kunesiqhelo e-oksijini egazini kwaye inokufunyanwa nge-oximeter esanda kuzalwa nangaphambi kokuba usana olusanda kuzalwa lugule, ngaloo ndlela lubonelele ukufunyaniswa kwangaphambili kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, kwaye mhlawumbi ukuphucula i-prognosis yabo.
I-American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) incoma i-pulse oximetry kuzo zonke izikrini ezisanda kuzalwa ukuze zibone i-CCHD.Ukusukela ngo-2018, onke amazwe ase-US aphumeze imigaqo-nkqubo yokuhlola abantwana abasanda kuzalwa.
I-Fetal ultrasound yentliziyo ayikwazi ukubona zonke iintlobo zeziphene zentliziyo
Ngelixa uninzi lweengxaki zentliziyo yomntwana ngoku zinokubonwa nge-fetal ultrasonography, kwaye iintsapho zinokuthunyelwa kwangethuba kwi-cardiologist yabantwana ukuze bafumane ukhathalelo olongezelelweyo, kusekho ezinye iimeko ze-CHD ezinokuphoswa.
Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-CCHD, ezifana nebala elibomvu okanye ukuphefumula okufutshane emva kokuzalwa, zibonwa kwiintsana ezininzi ezisanda kuzalwa ezifunyanwe kwaye ziphathwe ngaphambi kokuba zikhutshwe esibhedlele.Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintsana ezisandula ukuzalwa ezinohlobo oluthile lwe-CCHD ezibonakala zisempilweni kwaye ziziphathe ngokwesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ngequbuliso zigule kakhulu ekhaya.
Uhluzwa njani?
Ithambile encinci isivamvoujikeleza isandla sasekunene sosana kunye nonyawo olunye.I-sensor ixhunyiwe kwi-monitor malunga nemizuzu ye-5 kwaye ilinganisa inqanaba le-oksijini egazini kunye nesantya sentliziyo.Ukujongwa kwe-oksijini yegazi esandul' ukuzalwa kuyakhawuleza, kulula kwaye akukho bungozi.Ukuhlolwa kwe-pulse oximetry kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuzalwa kuvumela intliziyo kunye nemiphunga yosana olusanda kuzalwa ukuba luziqhelanise ngokupheleleyo nobomi bangaphandle komama.Emva kokuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uya kuphonononga ufundo kunye nabazali bosana olusanda kuzalwa.
Ukuba kukho iingxaki malunga nokufundwa kovavanyo lokuhlola, ezinye iimvavanyo zokuvavanya isifo senhliziyo okanye ezinye izizathu ze-hypoxia zinokuba yimfuneko ngaphambi kokuba umntwana osanda kuzalwa akhululwe esibhedlele.
Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya iX-reyi yesifuba kunye nomsebenzi wegazi.Ugqirha wentliziyo yabantwana uya kwenza uvavanyo olunzulu lwe-ultrasound yentliziyo yosana olusanda kuzalwa, olubizwa ngokuba yi-echocardiogram.I-echo iya kuvavanya zonke izakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yentliziyo ye-neonatal ngokweenkcukacha.Ukuba i-echoes ityhila nayiphi na inkxalabo, iqela labo lezonyango liya kuxubusha amanyathelo alandelayo kunye nabazali.
Qaphela: Njengalo naluphi na uvavanyo lokuhlola, ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwe-pulse oximetry screening lusenokungachaneki.Ngamanye amaxesha ubuxoki bunokwenzeka, oku kuthetha ukuba ngelixa i-pulse oximetry screen ibonisa ingxaki, i-ultrasound inokubonelela ngesiqinisekiso sokuba intliziyo yomntwana osanda kuzalwa iyinto eqhelekileyo.Ukungaphumeleli kwabo ukuphumelela uvavanyo lwe-pulse oximetry screening akuthethi ukuba kukho isiphene sentliziyo.Basenokuba nezinye iimeko ezinamaqondo aphantsi eoksijini, njengosulelo okanye isifo semiphunga.Ngokunjalo, ezinye iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezisempilweni zinentliziyo nemiphunga yazo kwimeko yohlengahlengiso emva kokuzalwa, ngoko ke ufundo lwe-pulse oximetry lunokuba luphantsi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-02-2022