1. Nā lālā alakaʻi
Hoʻopili ʻia nā lālā maʻamau i alakaʻi I, II, a me III a me nā lālā unipolar compression alakaʻi i aVR, aVL, a me aVF.
(1) Ke alakaʻi lālā maʻamau: ʻike ʻia ʻo ke alakaʻi bipolar, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā lālā ʻelua.
(2) Pressurized unipolar lālā alakaʻi: i loko o nā electrodes ʻelua, hoʻokahi wale nō electrode hōʻike i ka hiki, a ʻo ka hiki o ka electrode ʻē aʻe ua like me ka ʻole.I kēia manawa, liʻiliʻi ka amplitude o ka nalu i hana ʻia, no laila hoʻohana ʻia ke kaomi e hoʻonui i ka hiki ke ana ʻia no ka ʻike maʻalahi.
(3) I ka huli ʻana i ka ECG ma ke kino, aia nā kala 4 o ka limb lead probe electrodes, a ʻo kā lākou mau kūlana: aia ka electrode ʻulaʻula ma ka pulima o ka lālā ʻākau, aia ka electrode melemele ma ka lima o ka ʻaoʻao hema. lālā, a aia ka electrode ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae o ka lālā hema hema.Aia ka electrode ʻeleʻele ma ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae o ka lālā lalo ʻākau.
2. Ke alakai o ka umauma
He alakaʻi unipolar ia, me nā alakaʻi V1 a i V6.I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, pono e kau ʻia ka electrode maikaʻi ma ka ʻāpana i ʻōlelo ʻia o ka paia o ka umauma, a pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā electrodes 3 o ke alakaʻi lālā i ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole ma o ka pale 5 K e hana i ke kikowaena uila waena.
Ma ka hoʻokolokolo ECG maʻamau, hiki i nā alakaʻi he 12 o ka bipolar, kaomi unipolar limb a me V1～V6 hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono.Inā kānalua ʻia ka dextrocardia, ka hypertrophy ventricular ʻākau, a i ʻole ka myocardial infarction, pono e hoʻohui ʻia ke alakaʻi V7, V8, V9, a me V3R.Aia ka V7 ma ka pae o V4 ma ka laina axillary hope hema;Aia ka V8 ma ka pae o V4 ma ka laina scapular hema;Aia ʻo V9 ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka iwi kuamoʻo hema. Aia ka laina V4 ma ka pae;Aia ʻo V3R ma ka ʻāpana like o V3 ma ka umauma ʻākau.
Ka nānā 'ana
1. Hiki i ka ʻōnaehana kiaʻi alakaʻi 12 ke hōʻike i nā hanana myocardial ischemia i ka manawa.ʻIke ʻia ka 70% a hiki i ka 90% o ka myocardial ischemia e ka electrocardiogram, a ma ke kino, he pinepine asymptomatic.
2. No nā poʻe maʻi i ka pilikia o ka myocardial ischemia, e like me unstable angina a me ka myocardial infarction, 12-lead ST-segment hoʻomau ECG ka nānā ʻana hiki ke ʻike koke i nā hanana myocardial ischemia, ʻoi aku ka asymptomatic myocardial ischemia hanana, ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau. a me ka lapaau ana.
3. He paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale pololei ma waena o ka ventricular tachycardia a me ka supraventricular tachycardia me ka intraventricular differential conduction me ke alakaʻi II wale nō.ʻO ke alakaʻi maikaʻi loa e hoʻokaʻawale pololei i nā mea ʻelua, ʻo ia ka V a me MCL (ʻo ka hawewe P a me ka paʻakikī QRS ka morphology maopopo loa).
4. I ka loiloi ʻana i nā puʻuwai like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alakaʻi he nui ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i hoʻokahi alakaʻi.
5. ʻOi aku ka pololei a me ka manawa kūpono o ka ʻōnaehana kiaʻi alakaʻi 12 e ʻike inā loaʻa ka arrhythmia i ka mea maʻi ma mua o ka ʻōnaehana nānā alakaʻi hoʻokahi, a me ke ʻano o ka arrhythmia, ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ka manawa hiʻohiʻona, ka lōʻihi, a me nā loli ma mua a ma hope. lāʻau lapaʻau.
6. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomau ʻana o 12-lead ECG no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka arrhythmia, ke koho ʻana i nā ala diagnostic a me ka mālama ʻana, a me ka nānā ʻana i nā hopena o ka lāʻau.
7. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana kiaʻi alakaʻi 12 he mau palena hoʻi i nā noi lapaʻau, a hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia.Ke hoʻololi ke kūlana kino o ka mea maʻi a hoʻohana ʻia nā electrodes no kekahi manawa, e ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā nalu interference ma ka pale, e hoʻopilikia i ka hoʻoholo a me ka nānā ʻana o ka electrocardiogram.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-12-2021