Tsarin rayuwa na jikin mutum shine tsarin oxidation na halitta, kuma iskar oxygen da ake buƙata a cikin tsarin rayuwa yana shiga cikin jinin ɗan adam ta tsarin numfashi, yana haɗuwa da haemoglobin (Hb) a cikin jan jini don samar da oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), sannan kai shi zuwa dukkan sassan jiki.Wani ɓangare na ƙwayoyin nama suna tafiya.
Jiki oxygen jikewa (SO2)shi ne kaso na adadin oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) wanda ke daure da iskar oxygen a cikin jini zuwa jimillar adadin haemoglobin (Hb) da za a iya daure shi, wato yawan iskar oxygen na jini a cikin jini.Yana da mahimmancin ilimin lissafi na siga na sake zagayowar numfashi.Matsakaicin aikin iskar oxygen shine rabon tattarawar HbO2 zuwa maida hankali na HbO2+Hb, wanda ya bambanta da yawan adadin haemoglobin oxygenated.Sabili da haka, saka idanu akan jikewar iskar oxygen (SaO2) na iya kimanta iskar oxygenation na huhu da ikon haemoglobin don ɗaukar iskar oxygen.Jikin jinin mutum na al'ada oxygen jikewa shine 98%, kuma jinin venous shine 75%.
(Hb yana nufin haemoglobin, haemoglobin, taƙaice Hb)
Hanyoyin aunawa
Yawancin cututtuka na asibiti za su haifar da rashin isashshen iskar oxygen, wanda zai shafi al'ada na al'ada na sel, kuma yana barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam.Sabili da haka, saka idanu na ainihin lokaci na ƙwayar iskar oxygen na jini yana da matukar muhimmanci a ceton asibiti.
Hanyar ma'aunin ma'aunin iskar oxygen ta al'ada ita ce fara tattara jini daga jikin ɗan adam, sannan a yi amfani da na'urar tantance iskar gas ɗin jini don binciken electrochemical don auna matsewar ɓangaren.oxygen jini PO2don lissafin adadin iskar oxygen jikewa.Wannan hanya tana da wahala kuma ba za a iya ci gaba da sa ido ba.
Hanyar aunawa na yanzu shine amfani da ana'urar firikwensin hoto mai yatsa.Lokacin aunawa, kawai kuna buƙatar sanya firikwensin akan yatsan mutum, yi amfani da yatsa a matsayin akwati mai haske don haemoglobin, kuma yi amfani da jan haske mai tsayin tsayin 660 nm da hasken infrared kusa da tsayin 940 nm azaman radiation.Shigar da tushen hasken kuma auna ƙarfin watsa haske ta wurin gadon nama don ƙididdige yawan haemoglobin da jikewar iskar oxygen na jini.Kayan aiki na iya nuna jikewar iskar oxygen na jinin ɗan adam, yana samar da kayan aikin ma'aunin iskar oxygen mai ci gaba da ba mai cutarwa ga asibitin.
Ƙimar magana da ma'ana
An yi imani da cewaSpO2Kada ya zama kasa da 94% kullum, kuma cewa kasa da 94% rashin isashshen iskar oxygen.Wasu malaman sun kafa SpO2<90% a matsayin ma'auni na hypoxemia, kuma sun yi imanin cewa lokacin da SpO2 ya fi 70%, daidaito zai iya kaiwa ± 2%, kuma lokacin da SpO2 ya kasa da 70%, za a iya samun kurakurai.A cikin aikin asibiti, mun kwatanta ƙimar SpO2 na marasa lafiya da yawa tare da ƙimar jikewar iskar oxygen ta jijiya.Mun yi imani da cewaSpO2 karatuzai iya nuna aikin numfashi na mai haƙuri kuma ya nuna canjin jijiyaoxygen na jinizuwa wani matsayi.Bayan aikin tiyata na thoracic, sai dai na mutum ɗaya inda alamun asibiti da ƙididdiga ba su dace ba, ana buƙatar nazarin iskar gas na jini.Aikace-aikacen yau da kullun na saka idanu na oximetry na bugun jini na iya ba da ma'ana masu ma'ana don lura da canje-canje a cikin cutar, guje wa maimaita gwajin jini ga marasa lafiya da rage yawan aikin ma'aikatan jinya.A asibiti, gabaɗaya ya fi 90%.Tabbas, yana buƙatar kasancewa a cikin sassa daban-daban.
Hukunci, cutarwa, da zubar da hypoxia
Hypoxia shine rashin daidaituwa tsakanin iskar oxygen ta jiki da kuma yawan iskar oxygen, wato metabolism cell cell yana cikin yanayin hypoxia.Ko jiki yana da hypoxic ko a'a ya dogara ne akan ko adadin iskar oxygen da kuma ajiyar iskar oxygen da kowane nama ya samu zai iya biyan bukatun metabolism na aerobic.Lalacewar hypoxia yana da alaƙa da digiri, ƙimar da tsawon lokacin hypoxia.Mummunan hypoxemia shine sanadin mutuwa na yau da kullun daga maganin sa barci, yana lissafin kusan 1/3 zuwa 2/3 na mutuwa daga kamawar zuciya ko lalacewar ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa.
A asibiti, kowane PaO2<80mmHg yana nufin hypoxia, kuma <60mmHg yana nufin hypoxemia.PaO2 shine 50-60mmHg wanda ake kira m hypoxemia;PaO2 shine 30-49mmHg wanda ake kira matsakaicin hypoxemia;PaO2<30mmHg ana kiransa hypoxemia mai tsanani.Jikin oxygen jikewa na jini na majiyyaci a ƙarƙashin numfashi na orthopedic, cannula na hanci da oxygenation mask shine kawai 64-68% (kimanin daidai da PaO2 30mmHg), wanda ya kasance daidai da hypoxemia mai tsanani.
Hypoxia yana da tasiri mai yawa akan jiki.Irin su tasiri akan CNS, hanta da aikin koda.Abu na farko da ke faruwa a cikin hypoxia shine haɓakar ramawa na bugun zuciya, haɓakar bugun zuciya da fitarwar zuciya, kuma tsarin jijiyoyin jini yana rama ƙarancin abun ciki na oxygen tare da yanayi mai ƙarfi.A lokaci guda kuma, sake rarrabawar jini yana faruwa, kuma ana zabar kwakwalwa da tasoshin jini don tabbatar da isasshen jini.Duk da haka, a cikin yanayi mai tsanani na hypoxic, saboda tarawar subendocardial lactic acid, ATP kira yana raguwa, kuma an haifar da hanawa na zuciya, wanda zai haifar da bradycardia, pre-contraction, karfin jini da fitarwa na zuciya, da fibrillation na ventricular da sauran arrhythmias koda. tsaya.
Bugu da ƙari, hypoxia da ciwon kansa na marasa lafiya na iya samun tasiri mai mahimmanci akan homeostasis na mai haƙuri.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-12-2020